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Most types of algae are problematic to ponds and commercial fisheries, but the worst and most feared are the filamentous algae. At first sight, you may describe them as stinky and slimy creatures that grip tightly on the pond’s surface, on rocks, and other damp surfaces. The green, hairy follicles look odd that grow relentlessly on the pond, leaving you hopeless and blame yourself for what has happened on your pond. Filamentous algae will make your pond look horrible and, worst, susceptible to diseases and early degradation.

Just like most species of algae, filamentous types are single-celled that form long and eerie chains or filaments; the filaments fasten together that form a shape similar to wet wool. These types develop first at the bottom of shallow water, and then attach to rocks and aquatic plants. More often, the filaments float on the surface, which appear like large mats or known as “pond scums.”Some of the most common types of filamentous algae are Spirogyra, Cladophora and Pithophora.

Did you know that the types of algae are identified according to their colors? When seen in naked eye, the spyrogyra are identified as bright, neon-green colored types, but at microscopic scrutiny, this alga resembles DNA helix. They are often slimy and covered with thick proteins – that is why pond owners are eager to kill them. The Cladophora is another popular type of algae that is similar to cotton. When scrutinized closely, the cladophora has tiny and hairy plant-like (like the ones found in cotton) stalks. Probably, the most unsightly type is the “pithopora” or called as “horse hair.” It creates sheath of thick strands of hair that resembles much of wool.

Filamentous algae appear obviously on the shallow part of the pond, but they can also build colonies fast on waterfalls, ledges, and in the bottom of the pond. In small populations, filamentous algae seem tame and harmless. However, when favourable conditions count -high nitrates and waste-the filamentous algae may go loco in the pond. When those conditions become more tolerable, filamentous algae can ruin the pond and cover it with large mat of green scum. The algae can spread throughout the bottom of the pond and produce lots of oxygen content. The oxygen often gets trapped in thick a mat that is why these mats float on the surface of the pond. Left untreated, those ugly mats will coat your pond with the tinge of green and likewise eerie filaments.

Filamentous algae can be controlled, given the proper treatment and early prevention.as the cliché rings true, prevention is always better than cure. Depriving the filamentous algae with nutrients and conditions crucial to their growth can lessen the problems they can induce to your ponds. Stocking enough aquatic plants and using a good filtration system are helpful to maintaining the pond’s natural balance. As everyone knows, plants compete with algae for oxygen, so this is good way in preventing filamentous algae from taking over your pond. Mechanical removal of floating mats is another effective method that can be used from time to time. The system can remove the mats that piled up from the surface or the bottom of the pond, meaning you reduce the algal population into half.